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The Task Group of Committee 4 was originally established to produce a report on methods of optimizing radiological protection other than cost benefit analysis. As the work of the Task Group progressed, however, it became clear that it would be more useful to produce a report that considered all aspects of optimization, including cost benefit. This report therefore considers various techniques and their application to problems at different leve...

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ICRP Publication 26 summarized the recommended basic system of dose limitation into three interrelated components, abbreviated as:(i) The justification of the practice.(ii) The optimization of radiation protection.(iii) The limits of the individual dos equivalent.This report is concerned primarily with the second of these components of te system of dose limitation, the optimization of radiation protection, and with the rationale and techniques...

In 1997, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) initiated a project intended to lead up to the replacement of its 1990 Recommendations (Publication 60) with a view to producing new, consolidated Recommendations 10-15 years after those of 1990. In order to stimulate comprehensive discussion, an open and iterative consultation process was used. An initial set of conceptual proposals to be considered by the Commission, and...

Inhalation of radionuclides leads to problems of spatial distribution of radiation dose within tissues. The variables are considerable: specific activity of the radionuclide and its concentration of radiation emitted, concentration of radiation sources (single relatively active particles versus many particles of low specific activity), radioactive decay, degree of particulate aggregation, cellular interactions and movement of particles within ...

In the present report, ICRP provides information on radiation doses to the infant due to intakes of radionuclides in maternal milk. As in Publication 88 (ICRP, 2001) on doses to the embryo and fetus following intakes of radionuclides by the mother, intakes by female members of the public and female workers are addressed. Acute and chronic intakes are considered at various times before and during pregnancy as well as during the period of breast...

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ICRP Publication 77 reaffirms the Commission's current policy of radiological protection, in particular its policy on public exposure, and aims to clarify the practical application of that policy to the disposal of radioactive waste. It discusses the justification of a practice, the optimisation of protection, the use of collective dose assessed over long distances and times, the implications of potential exposure, and the distinction between ...

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In this report, the Commission provides guidance for the protection of people living in long-term contaminated areas resulting from either a nuclear accident or a radiation emergency. The report considers the effects of such events on the affected population. This includes the pathways of human exposure, the types of exposed populations, and the characteristics of exposures. Although the focus is on radiation protection considerations, the rep...

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ICRP Publication 81 deals with the radiological protection of members of the public following the disposal of long-lived solid radioactive waste using the 'concentrate and retain' strategy. It covers options including shallow land burial and deep geological disposal. Its recommendations apply to new disposal facilities. The report supplements, updates, and clarifies the material in ICRP Publication 46 from 1986, taking into account the most re...

In this report, the Commission provides an electronic database of the physical data needed in calculations of radionuclide-specific protection and operational quantities. This database supersedes the data of Publication 38 (ICRP, 1983), and will be used in future ICRP publications of dose coefficients for the intake of or exposure to radionuclides in the workplace and the environment. The database contains information on the half-lives, decay ...