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Ulysses S. Grant stood at the center of the American Civil War maelstrom. The Ohio native answered his nation's call to service and finished the war as a lieutenant general in command of the United States Army. Four years later, he ascended to the presidency to better secure the peace he had helped win on the battlefield. Despite his major achievements in war and peace, political and sectional enemies battered his reputation. For nearly a cent...

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This collection of essays explores some of the ways people have imagined and re-imaged the war, at the tension between history and art, and how those visions have left lasting marks on American culture.

This collection of essays by some of today's leading Grant scholars offers fresh perspectives on Grant's military career and presidency, as well as underexplored personal topics such as his faith and his family life.

Early in the Civil War, the Union sought to put a quick end to the Southern rebellion by capturing Richmond, Virginia, the new capital of the Confederacy. The Army of the Potomac, under the recently promoted leadership of Major General Ambrose Burnside moved to take Richmond, but delays in pontoon bridge construction and troop movement allowed General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia ample time to entrench his troops and block Burnsid...

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A collection of thirteen essays by the historians at Emerging Civil War focusing on one of the most important events of the war.

The fall of Vicksburg in July 1863 fundamentally changed the strategic picture of the American Civil War, though its outcome had been anything but certain.

Gettysburg, the largest land battle on the North American continent, has maintained an unshakable grip on the American imagination.

Soldiers called it one of the ¿waste places of nature¿ and ¿a region of gloom¿¿the Wilderness of Virginia, seventy square miles of dense, secondgrowth forest known as ¿the dark, close wood.¿ ¿A more unpromising theatre of war was never seen, ¿ said another. Yet here, in the spring of 1864, the Civil War escalated to a new level of horror. Ulysses S. Grant, commanding all Federal armies, opened the campaign with a vow to never turn back. Robert...

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The stakes for George Gordon Meade could not have been higher.After his stunning victory at Gettysburg in July of 1863, the Union commander spent the following months trying to bring the Army of Northern Virginia to battle once more and finish the job. The Confederate army, robbed of much of its offensive strength, nevertheless parried Meade¿s moves time after time. Although the armies remained in constant contact during those long months of c...

The former general in chief of the Union armies during the Civil War . . . the two-term president of the United States . . . the beloved ambassador of American goodwill around the globe . . . the respected New York financier-Ulysses S. Grant-was dying. The hardscrabble man who regularly smoked 20 cigars a day had developed terminal throat cancer.

I intend to fight it out along this line if it takes all summer, " Union commander Ulysses S. Grant wrote to Washington after he'd opened his Overland Campaign in the Spring of 1864. His resolve entirely changed the face of warfare.

They melted like snow on the ground, one officer said-wave after wave of Federal soldiers charging uphill across an open, muddy plain. Confederates, fortified behind a stone wall along a sunken road, poured a solid hail of lead into them as they charged . . . and faltered . . . and died.

By May of 1863, the Stone Wall at the base of Marye¿s Heights above Fredericksburg loomed large over the Army of the Potomac, haunting its men with memories of slaughter from their crushing defeat there the previous December. They would assault it again with a very different result the following spring when General Joe Hooker, bogged down in bloody battle with the Army of Northern Virginia around the crossroads of Chancellorsville, ordered Joh...

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It has been called Robert E. Lee's supreme moment: riding into the Chancellorsville clearing...the mansion itself aflame in the background...his gunpowder-smeared soldiers crowding around him, hats off, cheering wildly. After one of the most audacious gambits of the war, Lee and his men had defeated a foe more than two and a half times their size. The Federal commander, Fighting Joe" Hooker, had boasted days earlier that his plans were perfect...

For sixteen days the armies had grappled¿a grueling horror-show of nonstop battle, march, and maneuver that stretched through May of 1864. Federal commander Ulysses S. Grant had resolved to destroy his Confederate adversaries through attrition if by no other means. He would just keep at them until he used them up.Meanwhile, Grant¿s Confederate counterpart, Robert E. Lee, looked for an opportunity to regain the offensive initiative.¿We must str...