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Covers Libyan history from the prehistoric period through the Phoenician, Roman, and Islamic/Ottoman periods to Italian colonization, independence, and the 2011 uprising and civil war. Libya experienced its own Arab Spring in February of 2011, ultimately leading to a civil war in which different groups have since been vying for power. How did the events of Libya's past lead to this point? This addition to the Greenwood Histories of the Modern...

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It has been noted that most intra-ethnic conflict in Africa becomes difficult to manage because many are deliberately created 'war economies' in which violence performs variety of functions in alternative systems of profit, power, and protection. The politics of governance in Nigeria in relation to conflict resolution points in the direction of political leaders benefiting in illegal arms sales and other forms of political gains from conflicts...

The book critically examines the nature and character of social conflicts in Yorubaland and its attendant social movements. It takes as its roots the Yoruba civil wars, which lasted for over seventy years and ended with the treaty of 1893. However, even if social conflict was no longer on a larger scale as was the case in the nineteenth century, there was indeed a new wave of mobility and interaction occasioned by colonial rule leading to urba...