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The Department of Homeland Security is responsible for protecting the United States from terrorism. It does so partly through the Urban Areas Security Initiative, though its distribution has been criticized for not reflecting risk. This monograph offers a practical definition of terrorism risk and a method for estimating it that addresses inherent uncertainties. It also demonstrates a framework for evaluating alternative risk estimates. Finall...

This monograph highlights key factors in South Asia imperiling U.S. interests, and suggests how and where the U.S. military might play an expanded, influential role. It suggests seven steps the military might take to better advance and defend U.S. interests in South Asia, the Middle East, and Asia at large. Washington should intensify involvement in South Asia and become more influential with the governments there. Given the area's potential f...

Since 1998, the China Reform Forum in Beijing and The RAND Corporation have jointly organized an annual conference of experts from China and the United States. The conference focuses on economic and political-security subjects of mutual concern to China and the United States. It seeks to enhance mutual understanding among scholars and policymakers from both nations. This volume contains papers and discussant comments from the 2003 conference.

Relations between the Russian Federation and the West have evolved steadily since the end of the Cold War. In late 2001, RAND and the Moscow-based Institute for the USA and Canada Studies created a working group that examined ways to increase cooperation between NATO and Russia. The group concluded that Russia should become more deeply involved, as an equal partner, in NATO deliberations, including in regard to the Middle East, the Caucasus, a...

Even before September 11, 2001, threat assessments suggested that the United States should prepare to respond to terrorist attacks inside its borders. This monograph examines the use of military medical assets to support civil authorities in the aftermath of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or conventional high explosives attack inside the United States. The authors focus on key questions, including under what circumstances milit...

Exposure to violence adversely affects many children in American communities. The Support for Students Exposed to Trauma (SSET) program is a series of ten teacher- or school counselor-led lessons aimed at reducing distress for middle school students who have been exposed to a traumatic life event. The program includes skill-building techniques geared toward changing maladaptive thoughts and promoting positive behaviors.

Case studies of twelve existing human biospecimen repositories performed to evaluate their utility for genomics- and proteomics-based cancer research and to identify "best practices" in collection, processing, annotation, storage, privacy, ethical concerns, informed consent, business plans, operations, intellectual property rights, public relations, marketing, and education that would be useful in designing a national biospecimen network.

Reform-minded leaders of Qatar, who have embarked on a sweeping reform of their nation's education system, asked RAND to evaluate their education finance system and offer suggestions for improvements. The authors analyze the system's evolution and resource allocation patterns between 2004 and 2006 and develop analytic tools for performing the evaluation, including a framework that allows assessment of the system in light of six main objectives.

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Examines the success of international efforts to rebuild public health and health care delivery in seven cases: Germany and Japan immediately after World War II, Somalia, Haiti, and Kosovo in the 1990s, and Afghanistan and Iraq since 2001.

Without modernization, the U.S. Air Force's KC-10 air refueling fleet will not be in compliance with upcoming air traffic mandates regulating the minimum communication, navigation, and surveillance capabilities of aircraft flying in certain regions and altitudes. A detailed analysis of the cost-effectiveness of KC-10 modernization showed that, overall, the required upgrades would result in net cost avoidance over the life of the fleet.

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As the Army migrates to a new force structure that is knowledge-based and network-centric, the issue of bandwidth, which facilitates communications capacity, has become increasingly critical. Increases in the number of network participants create shortages of bandwidth supply. The authors examine the Army's projected demands for communications capacity and describe steps that can be taken to address the likely gap between demand and available ...

Since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, critics have charged that the Federal Bureau of Investigation, while qualified to investigate terrorist incidents after the fact, is not well equipped enough to adequately gather and assess information to prevent attacks. More intrinsically, many believe that given a predominant and deeply rooted law enforcement and prosecutorial culture, the bureau may not be able to change operational focus to...