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Five DNA viruses are known to cause cancers in humans. These are human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus and Merkel cell polyomavirus. It is estimated that, together, these are responsible for well over a million new cases of cancer worldwide annually. Also of interest is adenovirus: although it does not cause cancer in humans, it produces malignant tumours in experimental animals. This makes it...

Kinetoplastid parasites are responsible for a number of serious protozoal diseases with limited treatment options and few commercially available vaccines. Viewed globally, these parasites pose an increasing threat to human health and welfare.Written by a team of authors active in the field of Leishmania and Trypanosoma research, this volume reviews the current research in kinetoplastid parasites. With an emphasis on cellular and molecular biol...

Members of the enterovirus genus are positive-stranded RNA viruses encompassing important human pathogens and include poliovirus, coxsackievirus and rhinovirus. Several enteroviruses, such as enterovirus-71 and enterovirus-D68, have emerged from relative obscurity to become worldwide public health threats, highlighting the need to develop effective therapeutic strategies to combat these important viruses. To do this, understanding the genomics...

Infectious diseases continue to be a major threat to human health with predictions that these will account for one of five deaths globally over the coming decades. The worrying rise in antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens only serves to exacerbate this situation. Many pathogenic bacteria have evolved an array of sophisticated mechanisms to evade the host's immune response: some even exploit host functions to avoid detection by immune c...

This illustrated dictionary provides concise definitions and explanations of parasitology terms and related molecular processes presented in an easy-to-use, A-Z order with particular emphasis on terms that are of relevance to parasite biotechnology and molecular biology.With over 4500 entries and more than 170 figures this volume reflects recent, ground-breaking advances in parasitology research. The authors have provided, in a single-volume, ...

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Real-time PCR technology is an established powerful research tool used in many scientific disciplines and is also utilized for mainstream testing in the regulated markets, such as food, veterinary, and human in-vitro diagnostics. This essential manual provides both the novice and experienced user with an invaluable reference to a wide-range of real-time PCR technologies and applications, and it provides an overview of the theory of this increa...

Essential reading for all virologists with an interest in cytomegaloviruses, for all clinicians in pediatric intensive-care medicine and at transplantation centers, for scientists working on antiviral drug and vaccine development, as well as for public health service and science funding system authorities.

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a fundamental tool in scientific research and clinical testing. Real-time PCR, combining both amplification and detection in one instrument, is a rapid and accurate method for nucleic acid detection and quantification. Although PCR is a very powerful technique, the results achieved are valid only if the appropriate controls have been employed. In addition, proper optimization of PCR conditions is required...

The genus Borrelia, in the spirochete phylum, is not closely related to any other bacteria and has a highly unusual genome composed of a linear chromosome and multiple circular and linear plasmids that appear to be in a constant state of rearrangement, recombination, and deletion. The determination of the genome sequence of Borrelia strains has facilitated tremendous advances in understanding this genus at the molecular and cellular level, as ...

Bacterial detection and control are vital aspects of food microbiology. Real-time PCR is one of the most significant advances in this area, providing rapid, reliable, and quantitative results. In recent years, real-time PCR has become increasingly important to the agricultural and food industries as a valuable alternative to traditional detection methods. The advantages of quantitative real-time PCR include speed, an excellent detection limit,...

Innovative, constructive, and continually evolving technologies are propelling microbiology into an exciting new era. This new era will witness the harnessing and control of complex microbial communities in a huge variety of applications in the industrial, medical, and environmental spheres. State-of-the-art tools are being developed and utilized to analyze the molecules that microorganisms possess and generate, including DNA, RNA, proteins, l...

Myxobacteria have fascinated generations of scientists since discovery over a century ago. These bacteria represent the epitome of complex prokaryotic behavior. Their predatory swarms move over solid surfaces, utilizing two distinct motility machineries: one driven by retractable pili and the other by a novel gliding machinery. Furthermore, under nutrient limitation, myxobacteria enter a developmental program featuring distinct cell fates and ...

The vast majority of extremophiles are microbes, mainly archaea and bacteria, but also some eukaryotes. These microbes live under chemical and physical extremes that are usually lethal to cellular molecules, yet they manage to survive and even thrive. Extremophiles have important practical uses. They are a valuable source of industrially-important enzymes, and recent research has revealed novel mechanisms and biomolecular structures with a bro...

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This volume is an essential reference for anyone interested in phage therapy and a highly recommended book for everyone working in the areas of antibacterial resistance, antimicrobial development, bacteriophage research, biocontrol and biodetection.

In this book, leading senior scientists and young researchers review the current key topics in cyanobacterial cell biology to provide a timely overview. Topics covered include: historical background, cell division, the cell envelope, the thylakoid membrane, protein targeting, transport and translocation, chromatic acclimation, the carboxysome, glycogen as a dynamic storage of photosynthetically fixed carbon, cyanophycin, gas vesicles, motility...

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Targeted proteomics is a technology for detecting proteins of interest with high sensitivity, quantitative accuracy, and reproducibility. The analysis of a pre-defined group of proteins provides precise, quantitative, and sensitive data to scientists and clinicians and can provide information on a subset of proteins important for their biological function. In this volume, a panel of high-profile contributors provides an overview of targeted pr...