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Verdi's work with the Teatro San Carlo of Naples stumbled when he elected to give "La battaglia di Legnano to another theater--an annulment of contract to which the Teatro San Carlo responded by threatening to have librettist Salvatore Cammarano thrown in jail. Verdi provided a new opera instead, entering into a dense correspondence with Cammarano to develop, in Verdi's words, "a short drama with plenty of interest, plenty of action, and a hug...

Now one of Verdi's most beloved works, "La traviata" was initially far from a success--Verdi declared its 1853 premiere a "fiasco, " and later reworked parts of five pieces in the first two acts, retaining the original setting for the rest. The first performance of the new version in 1854 was a tremendous success, and the opera was quickly taken up by theaters around the world. This edition presents the piano and vocal score for "La Traviata, ...

None of Verdi's other operas, with the exception of "Ernani, enjoyed such an immediate and resounding success as "Il trovatore, followings its premiere on January 19th, 1853, it soon became a favorite across the continent. Verdi himself was very protective toward "Il trovatore, as was his habit with the operas especially dear to him--he exercised tight control over revivals, denying his consent to performances when the interpreters were not up...

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Like all of Verdi's operas from the 1840s, "Alzira" is to some extent an "experimental" opera, one of violent musical contrasts. Pieces closely reflecting the meaning of the words, and foreshadowing the works of Verdi's maturity, are set against numbers in more traditional forms, such as the cabaletta, charged with driving rhythmic energy. Prior to Castelvecchi and Cheskin's critical edition, no orchestral score of "Alzira" had ever been publi...

Although Verdi began sketching the music for "Il corsaro" in 1846, a lengthy illness forced him to postpone further work. He completed the score in early 1848, but the revolutions of that year delayed its first performance. When it finally premiered on October 25 at the Teatro Grande of Trieste, Verdi was in Paris and did not participate as usual in the production, which was poorly received. Though more successful in subsequent stagings, "Il c...

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Betly, " a charming opera by Gaetano Donizetti, tells the story of Betly, an independent Swiss girl resistant to the charms of her suitor, Daniel, who is fooled into believing that she has accepted his marriage proposal. Let down, he soon finds an advocate in Betly's brother, Max, who has been away for years and has returned unrecognized. In order to stop a climactic staged duel between Max and Daniele, Betly finally agrees to marriage, and he...

A versatile and prolific composer whose works dominated opera houses in the late 1830s and 1840s. Gaetano Donizetti (1797-1848) had an enormous influence on subsequent opera composers, including Verdi. Yet the texts of many of his operas pose numerous problems, partly due to the accumulation of changes made by generations of interpreters. With the renewed popularity of his operas, the need for a critical edition became keenly felt. This highly...

Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali" is surely one of history's wittiest operatic treatments of the foibles of opera itself: it depicts a rehearsal thrown into chaos by stage mother--played by a bass in woman's costume--who wishes her own daughter to upstage the prima donna. This critical edition of Donizetti and Gilardoni's riotous spectacle is the first to assemble all versions of the opera with which Donizetti himself was involved. The...

Poliuto, " throughout a convoluted history including French renditions and official censorship, has undergone numerous unauthorized alterations and additions. This critical edition finally presents the opera in the form originally conceived by the composer and present in his autograph score, along with an appendix containing the Overture written for the Paris version and a replacement cabaletta for the soprano.

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By the mid 1830s, as he began to dominate European stages, Gaetano Donizetti was pushing the boundaries of heightened romanticism in music, seeking texts that featured increasingly melodramatic and violent emotions and the savage consequences of irrational passion. "Pia de' Tolomei" ranks among his more disquietingly intense and fast-paced works. Indeed, as one historian observed, there is ample reason to recognize "Pia" as one of the most str...

The critical edition of "Stiffelio" from which this score is derived was the first to reinstate significant portions of the opera that had been presumed lost for more than a century. It was used for the 1993 premiere of "Stiffelio" at New York's Metropolitan Opera, the first time the opera was performed as Verdi wrote it. This piano-vocal score gives musicians and admirers of Verdi the chance to possess "Stiffelio" in authoritative form.

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The first version of Verdi's opera based on "Macbeth" is arguably the most important work of his formative years. Dissatisfied with the efforts of his librettist, Verdi reworked the text himself and lavished particular attention on the score. The premiere in Florence in 1847 was a great success, but Verdi made even more substantial changes for the Paris premiere in 1865. Using the "Paris 1865" version as the principal score, the critical edit...

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Linda di Chamounix" provides a fascinating case study of Donizetti's habit of frequent rewriting, as it underwent three significant revisions in the year following its 1842 permiere. This critical edition of Linda di Chamounix, using sources that in some cases have never before been studied, allows performers and scholars to reconstruct all three versions. Appendixes include a contemporary orchestration of the stage band part and an early vers...

This critical edition of Vicenzo Bellini's "La"sonnambula" aims to present the opera as Bellini originally intended it, removing the large number of key transpositions imposed in later editions and returning the score to its original and very personal sound-texture and dramatic structure. It also restores certain moments that, due to their difficulty, were probably omitted even in the earliest years, but which Bellini nonetheless certainly con...

First performed a dozen years after the composer's death, "Deux Hommes et une femme" ("Rita") has become, in the last fifty years, one of the more frequently performed of all of Donizetti's operas. Yet the version known to modern audiences reflects apocryphal additions introduced for the posthumous premiere.This new critical edition of "Deux Hommes et une femme" ("Rita") provides for the first time the version of the opera conceived by Donizet...