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In assigning blame for the recent economic crisis, many have pointed to the proliferation of new, complex financial products--mortgage securitization in particular--as being at the heart of the meltdown. The prominent economists take a more nuanced view of financial innovation. They argue that it was not too much innovation but too little innovation--and the lack of balance between debt-related products and asset-related products--that lies be...

Beginning in 2004, a team of geologists and other planetary scientists did field science in a dark room in Pasadena, exploring Mars from NASA¿s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) by means of the remotely operated Mars Exploration Rovers (MER). The MER creates a virtual experience of being on Mars. In this book, William Clancey examines how the MER has changed the nature of planetary field science. Drawing on his extensive observations of scientis...

The authors address the assumptions and methods that allow us to turn observations into causal knowledge, and use even incomplete causal knowledge in planning and prediction to influence and control our environment.

A daily battle for rights and freedoms in cyberspace is being waged in Asia. At the epicenter of this contest is China--home to the world's largest Internet population and what is perhaps the world's most advanced Internet censorship and surveillance regime in cyberspace. Resistance to China's Internet controls comes from both grassroots activists and corporate giants such as Google. Meanwhile, similar struggles play out across the rest of the...

Experts examine censorship, surveillance, and resistance across Asia, from China and India to Malaysia and the Philippines.

A new proposal for integrating the employment of formal and empirical methods in the study of human reasoning.

This monumental work traces the rise, the transformation, and the diffusion of probabilistic and statistical thinking in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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A study of Internet blocking and filtering around the world: analyses by leading researchers and survey results that document filtering practices in dozens of countries.

Various approaches to the financial evaluation of a chemical project are described. These are presented in some detail since material of this type is frequently absent from academic curricula.

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Lays the foundations for a new conceptualization of global environmental governance that draws on the flow perspective found in recent work in sociology.

In recent years scholars have begun to acknowledge that the occult sciences were not marginal enterprises but an integral part of the worldview of many of our ancestors. Astrology was one of the many intellectual tools--along with what we consider to be the superior tools of social and political analysis--that Renaissance thinkers used to attack practical and intellectual problems. It was a coherent body of practices, strongly supported by soc...

Interdisciplinary scientific and policy analysis on the challenges of ensuring that adaptation to global climate change does not place unfair burdens on already vulnerable populations.

How consciousness appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than is commonly assumed, and why all vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebrates are conscious.

This text, first published in 1897, is an anecdotal guide for the perplexed new investigator as well as a resource for the old pro. It covers everything from valuable personality traits for an investigator to social factors conducive to scientific work.

Ranging from broad inquiries into the roles of economics and sociology in the explanation of technological change to an argument for the possibility of "uninventing" nuclear weapons, this selection of Donald MacKenzie's essays provides a solid introduction to the style and substance of the sociology of technology.Two conceptual essays are followed by seven empirical essays focusing on the laser gyroscopes that are central to modern aircraft na...

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Images play a prominent role in computer communications. Producers and users of images, in particular three-dimensional images, require a framework for stating and solving problems. The book offers a number of conceptual tools and theoretical results useful for the design of machine vision algorithms. It also illustrates these tools and results with many examples of real applications.