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Lipid-based nanosystems, including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), cationic lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and liposomes, have been extensively studied to improve drug delivery through different administration routes. The main advantages linked to these systems are the ability to protect, transport, and control the release of lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules (either small molecular weight or ma...

Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with strong associations with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and cognitive consequences, including drowsy driving. Positive Airway Pressure treatment is the first-line therapy for adults with obstructive sleep apnea who are symptomatic. However, many individuals with comorbidities do not report symptoms that are associated with the disorder, and adherence to treatment is poor,...

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a useful tool for optimizing biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Reactive TDM has rationalized the management of primary non-response and secondary loss of response to biologics, while cumulative evidence suggests that proactive TDM is efficacious for optimizing anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) thera...

Biomedical sensors stand at the forefront of modern medical technologies, serving as indispensable components in diverse instruments and equipment. These sensors unravel the intricacies of biological processes and medical interventions. The recent surge in high-density sensor systems, characterized by arrangements in matrix arrays and other configurations, has ushered in a new era of functional evaluation. This spans electrophysiological activ...

Taking into account the increasing general concern related to the necessity of reducing CO2 emissions, a very important aspect of this topic refers to the green energy sector. In this vein, the present Special Issue is focused on the area of Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE). This Special Issue contains valuable works related to ORE.

In the face of the formidable challenge posed by global climate change, the imperative to transform the building sector into a bastion of sustainable practices has never been more urgent. The Reprint of the Topic "Building Energy and Environment" is a compendium of cutting-edge research and innovative solutions that aims to propel the construction industry towards the goals of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality".

In Buddhist monasticism, women are relegated to second rank, mainly for two reasons: first, they do not always have access to the same level of education as their male counterparts and are therefore not credited with the same learning (erudition), second, in some countries, they are excluded from one or all ordination rites. Thus, we have, on the one hand, full-fledged monks, and on the other, female religious practitioners who, in several Asi...

This reprint focuses on the latest advances in the field of the 3Rs, as applied to laboratory animals. The continuous progress in the application of the 3Rs will allow for us to achieve a more humane and equally competitive science, improving animal welfare.

The effort of the Editors has received global attention. Indebtedness is due to Saha and Asif and coworkers from Canada, Joseph and Mahapatra and coworkers from Poland and India, Ramirez-Montoya and coworkers from Spain and Mexico, Mota-Panizio and coworkers from Portugal and Brazil, Izquierdo and Lopez-Coca and coworkers from Spain, Vinitnantharat and coworkers from Thailand and the UK, Roy and Fini and coworkers from India and the USA, Lawso...

The Special Issue entitled "Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering" is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and fo...

Geohazards, such as landslides, rock avalanches, debris flow, ground fissures, and ground subsidence, pose a significant threat to people's lives and property. Recently, machine learning (ML) has become the predominant approach in geohazard modeling, offering advantages such as an excellent generalization ability and accurately describing complex and nonlinear behaviors. However, the utilization of advanced algorithms in deep learning remains ...

Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in humans today, and the number of people affected by cancer is growing. As a result, the search for new antitumor agents that may be more effective and secure than existing treatments is an ongoing effort. Nature provides a wide range of compounds with a great variety of chemical scaffolds and distinct bioactivity profiles. Indeed, natural products are a rich source of bioactive m...

This compilation of scientific work delves into innovative wastewater treatment technologies, focusing primarily on the development and optimization of novel catalysts for the effective removal of pollutants. Covering a range of catalysts, including precious metals and nanomaterials, the research offers new insights into cost-effective and efficient pollutant removal methods. Aimed at environmental scientists, engineers, and policymakers, this...

Steroids are a large group of compounds whose structure is based on a 17-carbon skeleton, with a specific cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring system. Natural steroids have been fine-tuned through evolution to build membranes, act as chemical messengers that regulate metabolic, immune and reproductive functions in animals and stimulate the growth of, or otherwise protect, animal organisms. The steroid core represents a suitable motive for str...

The Special Issue entitled "Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering" is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and fo...

The healthcare system's ability to diagnose and care for people with schizophrenia has improved in recent decades, as effective pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are now available. However, schizophrenia remains a leading cause of disability and premature mortality. The utilization of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions in the healthcare system, which have the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for p...

Acoustic sensors have been utilized commercially for more than 60 years. Acoustic sensing technologies have been studied extensively and the information, transmission, reception, transformation, processing, and application of acoustic signals have been developed, with acoustic sensors as the central focus. An acoustic sensor is a device that converts a sound wave signal into an electrical signal. This Special Issue on Acoustic Sensors and Thei...

This reprint focuses on the geometrical and spectroscopic features as well as potential applications of halogen, chalcogen, pnictogen, tetrel, and triel bonds in chemical reactions, crystal engineering, molecular recognition, and biological systems. We particularly aim to present studies concerning the bonds formed between some novel important electron donors and acceptors, similarities and differences between these bonds, structures of the co...

The Special Issue "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow 2022" contains scientific articles on experiments and simulations of heat transfer in compressible and incompressible fluids, including single- and two-phase flows. The articles present the current state of knowledge, solve scientific and industrial problems, and set directions for future research. The Special Issue is addressed to specialists from around the world dealing with numerica...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic idiopathic relapsing and remitting gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory disorders of complex etiology, posing clinical challenges due to their often therapy-refractory nature. The primary disorders within the IBD classification are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), sharing similarities but exhibiting distinct differences, sometimes making...