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Seit Einführung der ersten Controllerstellen im privatwirtschaftlichen Bereich gegen 1880 in den USA hat das Controlling eine stürmische Entwicklung in der Praxis erlebt, die vielfach als Siegeszug bezeichnet wird. Gleichzeitig stand und steht insbesondere die deutschsprachige Betriebswirtschaftslehre dem Phänomen Controlling eher abwartend bis skeptisch gegenüber. Insbesondere hat sich bislang kein einheitliches Controllingverständnis heraus ...

How industrial companies in Germany's critically important investment goods sector are deploying new technological and organizational production concepts to adapt to competitiveness challenges, new market requirements, environmental demands, and policy pressures is examined in this book. It draws on the Fraunhofer ISI's unique nationwide survey of technology use and production in Germany. East German as well as West German data is analyzed. Re...

Roots of Computational Statistics.- Roots of Computational Statistics.- Computational Statistics in Random Processes.- New Algorithmic Developments for Estimation Problems in Time Series.- Parameter Estimation and Order Determination of a Multivariate Autoregressive Process.- On Fast Algorithms for Several Problems in Time Series Models.- Computational Aspects of Robustness.- Robustness in Parametric and Non-Parametric Regression Estimation: A...

This book offers a guideline for "Technology Audit" exercises for the transforming innovation systems of Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). Further­ more, the book presents the results of an exemplary application of this guideline in the field of biotechnology in Hungary. The authors - a group of innovation re­ searchers of the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (lSI), Germany, and of the Innovation Research ...

This volume is the proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Model-Oriented Data Analysis. This series of events originated in 1987 at a meeting in Eisenach, that successfully brought together scientists from numerous countries of the 'East ' and 'West'. Now that this distinction is obsolete dialogue has been greatly facilitated, providing opportunities for this dialogue, however, is as vital as ever. The present meeting at Spetses, Gre...

Some recent fuzzy database modeling advances for the non-traditional applications are introduced in this book. The focus is on database models for modeling complex information and uncertainty at the conceptual, logical, physical design levels and from integrity constraints defined on the fuzzy relations. The database models addressed here are, the conceptual data models, including the ExIFO and ExIFO2 data models, the logical database models,...

Fuzzy logic is a way of thinking that is responsive to human zeal to unveil uncertainty and deal with social paradoxes emerging from it. In this book a number of articles illustrate various social applications to fuzzy logic. The engineering part of the book contains a number of papers, devoted to the description of fuzzy engineering design methodologies. In order to share the experience gained we select papers describing not the application r...

This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account on recent applications of fuzzy sets and possibility theory in reliability and safety analysis. Various aspects of system's reliability, quality control, reliability and safety of man-machine systems fault analysis, risk assessment and analysis, structural, seismic, safety, etc. are discussed. The book provides new tools for handling non-probabilistic aspects of uncertainty in these proble...

Recent developments in the field of urban analysis and management are investigated in this book. It is a wide-ranging collection of essays on the subject drawn from a long-term project and seminar, held in Italy, to review the state of the art and speculate on the future influence on the "sciences of the city" of the complexity concept. Of particular interest is the variety of points of view, often contrasting, and the attempt to go beyond the...

This book comprises the articles of the 6th Econometric Workshop in Karlsruhe, Germany. In the first part approaches from traditional econometrics and innovative methods from machine learning such as neural nets are applied to financial issues. Neural Networks are successfully applied to different areas such as debtor analysis, forecasting and corporate finance. In the second part various aspects from Value-at-Risk are discussed. The proceedin...

to tackle problemsofeconomic policy in a more effectivemanner.Giventhattheevaluationofpolicyoptions requiresasoundunderstandingofboththenatureandmag­ nitudeofeconomic, behaviouralandinstitutionalconstraints Preface VI thatarefaced bygovernments, there isaneedforempirical analysisofunderlyingpolicyquestionsandissues. Thiscollectionofessays on empirical finance indicates thatempiricalassessmentispossibleusingarichanddiverse setofempirical approa...

In Part I, the impact of an integro-differential operator on parity logic engines (PLEs) as a tool for scientific modeling from scratch is presented. Part II outlines the fuzzy structural modeling approach for building new linear and nonlinear dynamical causal forecasting systems in terms of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs). Part III introduces the new type of autogenetic algorithms (AGAs) to the field of evolutionary computing. Altogether, these P...

This book explores empirically for West Germany whether a decline in the relative demand for less skilled workers resulted in increased unemployment. Using up-to-date econometric techniques, a balanced mixture between descriptive evidence and structural estimation is provided, and there are various findings in the book which require a modification of the conventional wisdom about labor market trends in West Germany. Overall wage dispersion has...

In the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, industrialized countries agreed on binding absolute targets for greenhouse gas emissions and on the admission of flexible market-economy instruments - such as emissions trading, joint implementation and the clean development mechanism - used for reaching the targets. The contributions in this volume reveal that flexible instruments can lower the costs of climate protection...

Dieses Buch bietet eine Gesamtschau des gegenwärtigen Theoriegebäudes. Das Grundmotiv besteht dabei in der Konfrontation des modernen Arbitrageansatzes mit der älteren Tradition ökonomischen Denkens in Gleichgewichten. Als Medium dient das zeitkontinuierliche Modell, da es in gegenwärtig unübertroffener Weise gestattet, gleichzeitig Dynamik und Risiko ökonomisch relevanter Einflußgrößen bei der Bewertung finanzieller Ansprüche zu modellieren. ...

Mit Methoden und Anwendungen der computergestützten Tourenplanung befaßt sich dieses Buch. Der Schwerpunkt liegt in der Entwicklung von Algorithmen, die praktische Probleme mit starkem Zeitbezug lösen (z.B. Kundenzeitfenster, tageszeitabh. Fahrzeiten). Die Fülle der behandelten Planungsrestriktionen hebt dieses Buch von ähnlichen Werken ab. Insbesondere der Mehrfacheinsatz der Fahrzeuge und die Berücksichtigung variabler Fahrzeiten wurden bish...

This research work is to commemorate all Guos' ancestor, who guarded the border for his Majesty dutifully, and who is the foremost supporter in my academic career. For the past decades, economists and geographers from both developed and developing countries have studied the economic issues either within individual countries (regions), or between countries (regions). Only a relatively small part of these efforts has been focused on the economic...

In dieser Arbeit werden die wichtigsten Schätz- und Testverfahren für kointegrierte Zeitreihen dargestellt, wobei insbesondere ihre Vorzüge und Nachteile herausgestellt werden. Zu den behandelten Schätzverfahren gehören die zweistufige Methode von Granger und Engle sowie der Maximum-Likelihood-Schätzer von Johansen, bei den Tests stehen der Durbin-Watson-Test, der Dickey-Fuller-Test sowie der Likelihood-Ratio-Test im Vordergrund. Außer den met...

Die vorliegende Arbeit habe ich wahrend meiner zweijahrigen ZugehOrigkeit zum Interdisziplinaren Graduiertenkolleg der Universitat Gottingen "Handeln in komplexen okonomischen Situationen" verfaBt. 1m Herbst 1992 wurde Sie von der Mathematisch­ Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultat der Universitat Gottingen als Doktorarbeit angenommen. Ich mochte allen Professoren und Kollegiaten des Interdisziplinaren Graduiertenkollegs danken: Das gesamte Team de...

Im Rahmen der Institutionellen Mikroökonomie hat die Agency-Theorie in jüngster Zeit einen hohen Stellenwert erlangt. Die normative, auch als Principal-Agent-Theorie bezeichnete Ausrichtung, die Gegenstand dieses Buches ist, hat sich das Studium der Optimierung von Delegationsbeziehungen zum Ziel gesetzt. In diesem Buch erfolgt eine Einordnung von Literaturvorschlägen zur Optimierung von Delegationsbeziehungen im Rahmen der Principal-Agent-The...