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In studying the withdrawal from Iraq, RAND assessed logistical constraints, trends in insurgent activity, the readiness of Iraqi security forces, and implications for the size of the residual U.S. force and for security in Iraq and the region. This report presents alternative schedules: one consistent with the Obama administration1s intentions, one somewhat slower, and another faster. It also identifies steps to alleviate constraints and risks.

Multinational corporations can be significant actors in zones of violent conflict. Corporate actions to shape their environment can sometimes mitigate conflict, but as the authors show in their case studies, corporate activities can help generate and sustain violence.

As part of a broader research effort examining officer education and development in joint matters, the authors use data analysis and complex modeling to identify billets that that provide and/or require joint experience, and determine whether there are sufficient numbers of officers with joint experience to fill such billets.

Efficient movement of freight within the United States and across its borders is a critical enabler of future U.S. economic growth. The authors provide an overview of the freight-transportation system and the problems it faces, concluding with a discussion of key system-modernization issues, including increasing capacity, making the system less vulnerable to disruption, addressing environmental concerns, and building support for funding.

The Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA) is a measure of how much students' critical thinking improves after attending college or university. This report illustrates how institutions can set their own standards on the CLA using a method that is appropriate for the CLA's unique characteristics.

The relationship between China and Taiwan is more stable in 2009 than it has been years, at the same time, the cross-strait military balance is shifting in ways that are problematic for Taiwan1s defense. This volume examines the changing China-Taiwan political dynamic, evaluates key aspects of the cross-strait military balance, and considers how Taiwan might be successfully defended against a Chinese invasion attempt.

A RAND simulation model adapted to address general and flag officer management subject to provisions of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 assesses the complexity and feasibility of managing new end- and grade-strength accounting rules. The model schedules assignments, holds positions open as needed, and forecasts retirements and promotions. The results indicate that GFO end-strength management is tractable.

Analyses demonstrate how F-16 and KC-135 aircraft maintenance units can be reconfigured to support mission generation operations, with heavy maintenance such as aircraft phase inspections reassigned to a network of centralized repair facilities. This approach identifies options that either exceed current maintenance capabilities at current cost levels or meet required capability levels at reduced cost.

This research sought to understand how recent deployments have affected reenlistment by examining trends in deployments and reenlistments, developing a theoretical model, and conducting an econometric analysis of survey and administrative data to identify the effect of deployment, by service, on reenlistment. It also examined the role of reenlistment bonuses in maintaining reenlistment levels during the war on terrorism.

In April 2009, the Department of Defense decided to terminate production of the F-22A Raptor. In advance of the decision, the Air Force asked RAND Project AIR FORCE to identify the costs and the industrial base implications of various shutdown options. This monograph evaluates the implications of three shutdown options for the F-22A industrial capability: shutdown, shutdown and restart, and 3warm2 production, in which a small number of aircraf...

The ability to measure emergency preparedness is critical for policy analysis in homeland security. Yet it remains difficult to know how prepared a response system is to deal with large-scale incidents, whether it be a natural disaster, terrorist attack, or industrial or transportation accident. This volume describes a method, based on the concept of system reliability, for evaluating the preparedness of emergency response systems.

This report describes a framework used to organize available empirical information on one form of performance-based management, a performance-based accountability system (PBAS), which identifies individuals or organizations that must change their behavior to improve an activity1s performance, an incentive structure to motivate those changes, and measures tailored to inform the incentive structure.

Documents the program and community settings, interventions, and implementations of 15 programs across the country that provide interventions for families in which children have been exposed to violence. The 15 programs were part of Safe Start Promising Approaches, an initiative aimed at building knowledge about the effectiveness of specific intervention strategies intended to reduce the harmful effects of children1s exposure to violence.

Examining the price structure of the Defense Finance and Accounting Service and its impact on customer demand, workload, and equity in pricing.

The Air Force is reorganizing into an Expeditionary Aerospace Force (EAF) with the goal of replacing the forward presence of aerospace power with a force that can deploy quickly in a crisis, commence operations immediately upon arrival, and sustain operations as appropriate.

This book explores the U.S. Air Force as an instrument of national power and as an institution.

New American Schools, a private nonprofit corporation, was created in 1991 to develop break-the-mold designs for schools serving grades K-12. This report documents the significant changes in the designs that have taken place over the initiative's life span and the reasons for those changes. The designs changed in terms of their educational components and theories. Finally, the design teams developed implementation strategies and assistance pac...

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In response to the lack of a comprehensive tool to assess a country1s defense sector and its ability to counter a range of security threats, a RAND team developed the Defense Sector Assessment Rating Tool (DSART). The tool consists of six assessments to quantitatively and qualitatively determine a country's defense sector capabilities and potential areas for reform, and it is designed so that it can be adapted to a changing security environment.

In March 2009, the Dallas Police Department (DPD) began a unique partnership with two local universities, the University of North Texas and the University of Texas at Dallas: The Caruth Police Institute (CPI) provides officer training and serves as the DPD1s research and problem-solving arm. This report examines the extent to which CPI is meeting its goals, obstacles to implementation, and how CPI has responded to these challenges.