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A thorough introduction to acquisition, processing, and interpretation, this volume includes seismic wave phenomena in acoustic, elastic, and porous media, creating 2D and 3D images from field data, dip moveout, prestack migration, and depth migration, limitations of 3D seismic interpretation, and the role of attributes, impedance estimation, and AVO.

Time-lapse (4D) seismic technology is a key enabler for improved hydrocarbon recovery and more cost-effective field operations. This book shows how 4D data are used for reservoir surveillance, add value to reservoir management, and provide valuable insight on dynamic reservoir properties such as fluid saturation, pressure, and temperature.

Seismic interpretation can be made simple and robust by integrating rock physics principles with seismic and petrophysical attributes bearing on properties of conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Practical solutions to interpretation problems in AVO analysis and inversion are addressed to streamline workflows in subsurface characterization.

A general reference for poststack seismic attributes, this volume includes theory, meaning, computation, and application, attribute maps and interval statistics, complex trace attributes, 3D attributes, seismic discontinuity attributes, spectral decomposition, thin-bed analysis, and waveform classification, poststack methods, and multiattribute analysis.

With case studies in all applications of engineering seismology, this book focuses on the application of the seismic method to geotechnical site investigations for buildings and infrastructures, landslide and active-fault investigations, and seismic microzonation. The broader scope includes exploration of earth resources and geothermal exploration.

Wide-azimuth surveying has shown that most rocks are azimuthally anisotropic, with P-wave velocities and P-AVO gradients varying with azimuth. Analysis with narrow-azimuth algorithms and concepts will necessarily fail to exploit this data. This book shows how to recognise anisotropy effects in data and provides intuitive concepts to analyse it.

Includes an overview of classical theory, early cornerstones from the 17th century and the works of Grimaldi, Huygens, and Young, details of the classical theory of diffractions as developed in the 19th century and reprinted works of Fresnel, Green, Helmholtz, Kirchhoff, and Rayleigh, cornerstones of modern theory, and appendices.

In an entertaining format, this detective story uses the fictional characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle to unravel and explain the historical underpinnings of remote sensing. The extended appendices guarantee that all of the science of remote sensing is included in this book of "scientific fiction” and the journey of scientific discovery.

Provides essential background on anisotropic wave propagation, introduces efficient notation for transversely isotropic (TI) and orthorhombic media, and identifies the key anisotropy parameters for imaging and amplitude analysis. Particular attention is given to moveout analysis and P-wave time-domain processing for VTI and TTI.

From fundamentals to present AVO, this volume includes: Gassmann's equations and fluid substitution, Zoeppritz equations approximations, seismic amplitudes and processing considerations, interpretation techniques, the influence of anisotropy, the use of AVO inversion, the estimation of uncertainty, converted-wave AVO, and the future of the AVO method.

The decades following SEG's 1990 volume on numerical modeling showed a step change in the application and use of full wave equation modeling methods enabled by the increase in computational power. Full waveform inversion, reverse time migration, and 3D elastic finite-difference synthetic data generation are examples. A searchable CD is included.

Covering seismic diffraction theory, modeling, observation, and imaging, the papers included in this volume address key topics that include forward modelling, diffraction mathematical modelling techniques, physical modelling laboratory experiments, the observation of seismic diffractions in near-surface, reservoir, and crustal studies, and diffraction imaging.

Providing a practical guide for survey design, acquisition, interpretation, and application of microseismic hydraulic fracture monitoring, this text includes geologic and geomechanical factors that control fracture growth and discusses potential pitfalls and quality-control steps associated with collecting and interpreting microseismic data.

Details the properties of 3D acquisition geometries and shows how they naturally lead to the 3D symmetric sampling approach to 3D survey design. Many examples are used to illustrate choices of acquisition parameters, and the link between survey parameters and noise suppression as well as imaging is an intrinsic part of the contents.

Covers the full range of gravity-exploration topics, including first principles, field instrumentation and operations, rock densities and density contrasts, data reduction, methods of interpretation, and geologic examples. The subject matter includes inversion and an appendix on the Fourier transform.

Demonstrates how spectral decomposition and time-frequency methods have led to improved understanding and use of nonlinear harmonics, near-surface guided waves, layer-induced anisotropy, velocity dispersion and attenuation, interference, and Biot reflection. The discussion includes examples, figures, and literature references for further study.

Emphasises practical applications of multicomponent seismic technology, incuding data-acquisition procedures, data-processing strategies, techniques for depth-registering P and S data, rock-physics principles, and numerous case histories that demonstrate the value of multicomponent data for evaluating onshore and off-shore prospects.

The rapid development of seismic acquisition, including wide-azimuth surveys, increased channel count, and simultaneous shooting, is made possible by technological advancements today that will enable the production of clearer seismic images tomorrow. The core of this book is the relationship between acquisition parameters and seismic image quality.

Intended for beginning interpreters, this book approaches seismic interpretation via synthesis of concepts and practical applications rather than through formal treatment of basic physics and geology. Based on the author's personal experience as a seismic interpreter, it is organised along the lines of notes from classes he designs and teaches.

Presents a collection of papers which appear in the September-October 2010 Geophysics special section, written by recognised experts in various areas of exploration geophysics, plus an additional group of papers drawn from Geophysics which address areas beyond those invited articles. The result is a snapshot of the state-of-the-art in the field.