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This is the proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Empirical Foundations of Information and Software Sciences (EFISS), which was held in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 19-21, 1988. The purpose of the symposia is to explore subjects and methods of scientific inquiry which are of common interest to information and software sciences, and to identify directions of research that would benefit from the mutual interaction of these two disciplines. The m...

A fundamental step towards gaining a deeper understanding of our world is to increase the resolution of the investigative instruments we use, i.e. to increase the energy, and hence to decrease the wavelength, of the particles which constitute our probes. Almost any substantial progress in our understanding of the fundamental laws of Nature has been obtained when a new generation of accelerators has allowed us to achieve a new energy range. The...

It must be considered that there is nothing more difficult to carry out, nor more doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to handle, than to initiate a new order of things. Machiavelli: The Prince (1513) These are the Proceedings of a Conference on Temperature and Environmental Factors and the Testis which took place at New York University School of Medicine, December 8th and 9th, 1989. There is good reason to believe that this was the first o...

The increasing number of computer networks has aroused users' interest in many and various fields of applications, in how a computer network can be built, and in how it may be used. The fundamental rules of computer networks are the protocols. "A protocol is a set of rules that governs the operation of functional units to achieve communication" [STA-86}. The book follows a practical approach to protocol speci­ fication and testing, but at the ...

The First European Symposium on Calcium-Binding Proteins in Normal and Transformed Cells was held at the Faculty of Medicine of the "Universit6 Libre de Bruxelles" in Brussels, Belgium, April 20-22, 1989. Delegates from seventeen countries attended. This Symposium was initiated through an EEC Stimulation Program. The formal program included forty verbal presentations by invited speakers and sixty miniposter presentations, and was formulated by...

A major vehicle for the transition of carrier-mediated drug delivery from a theoretical/experimental status to one with practical uses has been the NATO Advanced Studies Institute series "Targeting of Drugs". Three previous ASls of the series[1-3], also held in Cape Sounion, dealt with carriers of natural and synthetic origin, their preparation and drug incorporation as well as a wide range of applications. This book contains the proceedings o...

The NATO-Advanced Study Institute on "Collision Theory for Atoms and Molecules" was made possible by the main sponsorship and the generous financial support of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division in Brussels. Belgium. Special thanks are therefore due to the late Dr. Mario Di Lullo and to Dr. Craig Sinclair. of this Division. who repeatedly advised us and kept us aware of administrative requirements. The Institute was also assisted by the fina...

The understanding of electronic behaviour in solids when (some of) the valence electrons have both localized and band-like characteristics is one of the central problems of physics and chemistry in the second half of this century. Many advances have indeed been made using highly sophisticated techniques and concepts. Our objectives in bringing together specialists from different areas was cross-fertilization of ideas and redefinition of bottle...

It has been 10 years since the Plenum Publishing Corporation printed a series of review articles on bacteriophages in Comprehensive Virology. Articles in that series contained physical-genetic maps but very little DNA sequence information. Now the complete DNA sequence is known for some phages, and others will soon follow. During the past 10 years, two phages have come into common use as reagents: A phage for cloning single copies of genes, an...

My ideas for this book have been evolving over the last several years as I have been working in the animal modeling area and have seen it change rather dramatically. There have been tremendous advances, both in methodology and in conceptualization, yet the literature is scattered in journals encompassing many disciplines. In particular, there have been only very limited attempts to write about the philosophical, conceptual, and controversial i...

The field of gas phase inorganic ion chemistry is relatively new, the early studies date back approximately twenty years, but there has been intense interest and development in the field in the last ten years. As with much of modern chemistry, the growth in gas phase inorganic ion chemistry can be traced to the development of instrumentation and new experimental methods. Studies in this area require sophisticated instruments and sample introdu...

In August, 1985, the 2nd International Conference on Illness Behaviour was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The first International Conference took place one year previous in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. This book is based on the proceedings of the second conference. The purpose behind this conference was to facilitate the development of a single integrated model to account for illness experience and presentation. A major focus of th...

This book's title betrays at once that it belongs in the forecast literature. Peering into the future is a notoriously treacherous venture. Nevertheless, it has become a prac­ tice endemic to the business and government worlds as well as to academia, especially economics. We like to be­ lieve that the enormous growth of forecasting in the face of some disappointments reflects real needs of decision­ makers (as well as the general public's well...

T. T. Ngo and H. M. Lenhoff Department of Developmental and Cell Biology University of California, Irvine, CA 92717 In 1959, Yalow and Berson used insulin labeled with radioactive iodine to develop a quantitative immunological method for determining the amount of insulin in human plasma. Their method depends upon ~ competition between insulin labeled with radioactive iodine (II 1) and unlabeled insulin from plasma for a fixed and limited numbe...

Over the past years, the thrust of research in cardiology has been toward an understanding of the engineering of the heart as a pump that transports blood to the various organs of the body. More recently, the fields of biochemistry and biophysics have come to influence heart research. The modern cardiologist can no longer pretend to understand, for example, what is happening to the patient with myocardial infarction or ischemia without underst...

The surface of solids had long been considered simply the external boundary which determined the outside appearance of the solids but had no intrinsic character of its own. The concept that surfaces have specific properties and are the first and foremost means of communication between individual things and the rest of the universe is fairly new, coming into prominence only in the early sixties. This new concept of surface properties was the re...

As the systems which form the fabric of modern society become more complex and more interdependent, the need for the understanding of the behavior of such systems becomes increasingly more essential. What are the causes and possible cures for the worldwide inflation which is posing a serious threat to the economic stability and social order of both developed and underdeveloped countries? What are the trade-offs between the urgent need for addi...

This volume is dedicated to Theodore Lidz and Ruth W. Lidz, as was the conference on the Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia held on April 9 and 10, 1979, at which the materials here published were presented. This 1979 sym­ posium replicated in some respects the one held at Yale University thirty years earlier, at a time when psychotherapy with schizophrenic patients was viewed with much optimism and enthusiasm. Ruth and Ted Lidz contributed to thi...

My personal involvement with the problem of hydrophobic interactions (HI) began about ten years ago. At that time I was asked to write a review article on the properties of aqueous solutions of nonpolar solutes. While surveying the literature on this subject I found numerous discussions of the concept of HI. My interest in these interactions increased especially after reading the now classical review of W. Kauzmann (1959), in which the importa...

Over the past few decades, globalization and Googlization have kicked off the first phase of an innovation revolution more profound and more powerful than any economic force since the arrival of Europeans on North American shores half a millennium ago. These developments have brought us such advances as the Web, social networking, 24/7 connectivity, and global markets.But the benefits of all this progress have not been shared fairly among all....