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The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.

The United States is embarked on a journey toward maturity as a spacefaring nation. One key step along the way is development of a reusable launch vehicle (RLV). The most recent National Space Transportation Policy (August 1994)assigned improvement and evolution of current expendable launch vehicles to the Department of Defense while National Aeronautical Space Administration (NASA) is responsible for working with industry on demonstrating RLV...

Major Snodgrass reviews the performance of US offensive and defensive systems against Iraq's Scuds during Operation Desert Storm in 1991 and examines current US efforts to defeat these potentially destabilizing weapons. The danger of third world countries employing theater ballistic missiles has increased. Reflecting the realities of the new world order, theater missile defense is the first priority, and national missile defense is the second ...

Major Kramlinger examines the theoretical, historical, operational, and technological aspects of Sustained Coercive Air Presence (SCAP) and illustrates how air operations over Iraq and Bosnia demonstrated the problems associated with long-term air presence and suggest the need for doctrine that adapts combat airpower to the SCAP mission. He focuses on the determination of the mechanisms, strengths, and limitations of how combat airpower can pe...

Major Rothstein traces the historical development of the aerospace concept, from its initial inception in 1944 as it was embodied in the far-reaching vision of Gen Henry H. "Hap" Arnold, until its public appearance in 1958. He uncovers reasons why airmen came to see their primary area of responsibility differently than the rest of the nation and why their aerospace concept failed to win bureaucratic support. By tracing the aerospace concept's ...

What is effects-based targeting and from where did this concept come? Is it based on a coherent theory, and, if so, has the USAF incorporated it into its doctrine and operations? Is there more yet to do? These questions form both the focus and format of this study, which examines the evolution of effects-based targeting. Specifically, this study asks how effectively has the USAF incorporated the concept of effects-based operations into its pro...

Principles of war are more than just a checklist for combat success. They are essential considerations that any would-be commander can use as an intellectual point of departure when contemplating combat operations. In the 1960s, a new fundamental principle of war was born in conjunction with the proliferation of television and the growth of television news. For the first time in history, the gruesome reality of warfare was brought into America...

Major Grady uses original research obtained from surveys-that focus on the Vietnam War-completed by F-105 pilots in an attempt to analytically determine the moral domain of war factors that enable a pilot to fly in combat. He states that the moral domain consists of the motivation forces originating from within a person's heart and soul, viewing motivation in war from the pilot's perspective. This emphasis shift gives insights that indicate a ...

In this study, Major Benson addresses the shortfall in bomber and transport capabilities necessary to execute the two major regional contingencies called for in the president's national security strategy. He examines in depth the development of transport bombers as one option in the search for a solution to this shortfall. Major Benson focuses on operational utility, technological assessment, and budgetary and operational considerations involv...

Major Nowland identifies criteria that will provide objective analysis of a halt-phase strategy. He examines air combat in three operations: the Battle of the Bismarck Sea, the 1973 Golan Heights battles of the Yom Kippur War, and the Iraqi Republican Guard escape from Basra. His study consists of three sections: assessment of prehostility preparation, examination of actual combat operations, and analysis of the results of the operation. Major...

This study analyzes the effectiveness of airpower versus terrorism using three case studies. The first case study is Operation El Dorado Canyon, America's response to Libyan state-sponsored terrorism. The second case study is Operation Infinite Reach, America's cruise missile response to the 1998 al-Qaeda bombings of US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. The third case study is the Israeli use of airpower versus the second Palestinian intifada o...

DOD is still struggling to define itself in the post-cold-war age more than a decade after the new period began. With a strategy and force structure review occurring on average every two years, the military has still not been able to generate a consistent basis on which to justify its force structure or its strategy. Colonel Beene uses a decision analysis framework as a foundation for creating such a basis. Instead of depending on leadership f...

A little over 200, 000 votes in Mexico's 2006 presidential election determined whether or not the United States might soon share a border with a potentially communist country. A closer look reveals Mexico was nearly another domino in a rash of leftism that is sweeping through Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). In fact, there are as many leftist countries in the LAC region today as there were in Eastern Europe at the height of the Cold War....

In this paper, Lt Col Robert B. Trsek addresses the question, can and should the Air Force pursue an unmanned multirole fighter to replace manned systems? Unmanned aircraft systems have demonstrated enormous intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities in both flexibility and persistence. Current and emerging technology may permit unmanned fighters to replace conventional multirole aircraft in the face of high-endurance mi...

Major Panarisi summarizes the development of current and proposed family of Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI) systems-considered the gold standard of training mission enhancements-and presents the capabilities each system provides. He uses the Kadena Interim Training System as a suitable case study to compare requirements of current ACMI features to the capabilities available using internal components. He contends that internal sys...

The United States Air Force's Center for Strategy and Technology was established atthe Air War College in 1996. Its purpose is to engage in long-term strategic thinkingabout technology and its implications for United States national security. The Center(CSAT) focuses on education, research, and publications that support the integrationof technology into national strategy and policy. This document is one of thesepublications.

This study examines the development and usefulness of US air attack theory and doctrine during the interwar period, 1919-1941. This period represents more than 20 years of development in US Air Corps attack theory and doctrine. It was the first peacetime period of such development. Attack aviation during this time was a branch of aviation used to provide direct and indirect combat support to ground forces in the form of machine-gun strafing, l...

This study analyzes the way the Department of Defense currently funds the Defense Transportation System. The central question that this study attempts to answer is does the current decentralized, service-centered, budgeting process optimize national mobility capabilities or would centralized budget authority, under United States Transportation Command, offer greater potential for balancing mobility capabilities and requirements?

Operational requirements generation and system concepts generation are the crucial processes by which the US decides what weapon systems it needs to develop and acquire to sustain the military national instrument of power for the sake of achieving national security objectives. This paper asserts that the current operational requirements and system concept generation processes can and should be significantly improved. To develop that assertion,...

As it has so often in the past, the United States military and the Air Force will undoubtedly provide support across the globe to countries combating insurgents in the future. The host nation political and military organization and command and control structure governing the deployment and employment of air forces in these wars will have a large impact on the success or failure of air operations, and perhaps the national counterinsurgency effo...