Excerpt from A Review of the Broad-Headed Eleutherodactyline Frogs of South America (Leptodactylidae)Characteristics in which a character state is unique to one Species are of limited value in discerning relationships. For a characteristic to be of value, each character-state must be represented in two or more taxa. Likewise, characteristics in which the character-states change ontogenetically within a putative species are of little value unless comparisons are made only among individuals of the same sex and age. Therefore, of the above characteristics, only numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, and 12 are available for comparison of taxa.About the PublisherForgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.comThis book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully, any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.