First published in German in 1984 as volume 45 of Martin Heidegger's collected works, this book is the first English translation of a lecture course he presented at the University of Freiburg in 1937-1938. Heidegger's task here is to reassert the question of the essence of truth, not as a problem of logic, but precisely as the basic question of philosophy. Thus, this course is about the essence of truth and the essence of philosophy. In both regards Heidegger draws heavily upon the ancient Greeks, on their understanding of truth as aletheia and their determination of the beginning of philosophy as the disposition of wonder. In addition, these lectures were presented at the time that Heidegger was composing his second magnum opus, "Beitruge zur Philosophie", and provide the single best introduction to that complex and crucial text.