The vast field of biotechnology encompasses a number of procedures that involve the modification of living organisms for specific purposes. The applications of biotechnology are found in diverse areas of agriculture, medicine, industry, marine and aquatic environment, etc. Depending on such specializations, this field is categorized into multiple sub-fields. Green, white and yellow biotechnology are its most significant sub-fields. Green biotechnology is involved with the production of genetically modified seeds and the development of environmentally friendly fertilizers and biopesticides. Yellow biotechnology is involved in food production, like in the fermentation of beer, wine and cheese as well as in the control of harmful insects. The applications of bio-catalysis for industrial purposes fall under the domain of white biotechnology. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different areas of biotechnology and their applications. The topics included in this book are of the utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.