Canarium patentinervium Miq. belongs to the family of Burseraceae best known for producing resins of economic, medicinal, and cultural values such as frankincense, myrrh, and copal. This family consists of 18 genera and 700 species of trees. In the Asia-Pacific region, about 20 species of Burseraceae are used to treat haemorrhoids, heal wounds and to treat skin infections. This plant was used to heal wounds amongst the indigenous people of Malaysia. No pharmacological and phytochemical studies have been reported on this species. With the present volume, we bring together the pharmacological and phytochemical research carried on this plant and future possibilities for scientists and researchers who want to work on this plant. Six kinds of major biological effects were evident in the crude extracts and bioactive compounds namely, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-parasitic, and anticancer. Given the aforementioned evidence it is tempting to speculate that Canarium patentinervium Miq. represents an exciting scaffold from which to develop leads for treatment of inflammatory and oxidative stress related diseases.