The Mediterranean is the world's number one tourist destination and the biggest tourism region in the world. In the last 10 years Croatia and Turkey became two of the most popular Mediterranean destinations. To achieve continuous and sustainable development of tourism, three interrelated aspects should be taken into consideration: economic, social, and environmental. The main question is, in what ways tourism is contributing to the sustainable development of the local community? Moreover, how would involvement of the local population in the planning process lead to more sustainable tourism? Case studies of Dubrovnik from Croatia and Alanya from Turkey are studied in the book in order to answer these questions.