Hans Gustav Adolf Gross (1847-1915) was an Austrian criminal jurist and an examining magistrate. He is believed to be the creator of the field of criminalistics, he taught as a professor at the Chernivtsi University, Prague University and the University of Graz, and established the Institute of Criminology in Graz. The release of his book Handbuch fur Untersuchungsrichter, Polizeibeamte, Gendarmen, u.s. w. (A Handbook for Examining Magistrates, Police Officials, Military Policemen, etc. ) in 1893, is marked as the birth of the field of criminalistics, applying science to the practices of crime investigation and law. Gross adapted some fields to the needs of criminal investigation, such as crime scene photography. His other works include: Criminal Psychology: A Manual for Judges, Practitioners, and Students (1898) and Encyclopedia of Criminology (1901).