DNA and RNA nanobiotechnologies have currently reached the status of one of the most dynamic research areas in the field of drug delivery in molecular medicine. Scientists and bio-engineers are creating totally new nanometer-scale structures with unique biological properties for a wide range of medical applications. The book, written by world-leading scientists in this new field, gives an overview of various aspects and applications of DNA and RNA nanotechnologies. These include the design and synthesis of DNA and RNA nanostructures with the aim of using them for different kinds of drug deliveries, for genetic immunization, for metabolite and nucleic acid detection, gene regulation, siRNA delivery for cancer treatment, and even analytical and therapeutic applications of aptamer-based nanoparticles. This volume will be of interest not only to graduate students and researchers in the field of molecular medicine and molecular biology, but also to chemists interested in the biological fields. As a matter of fact, the book contains so many new and unique approaches to this area of molecular medicine that it may inspire the interested reader to undertake research into nucleic acid nanotechnologies.