Analysis of genetic diversity in plants on the basis of research-focused information has been elucidated in this book. Genetic diversity is of central importance to the continuity of a species as it presents with the required adaptation to the current biotic and abiotic ecological circumstances, and enables modifications in the genetic composition to cope with changes in the environment. This book discusses the extent of genetic variation present in plant populations. The rising accessibility of PCR-based molecular markers provides some significant data and also the detection of genes influencing economically significant characteristics. The motive of the book is to present a glance into the dynamic procedure of genetic variation by presenting the views of experts who are involved in the creation of fresh ideas and methods employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from various viewpoints. The book should be helpful to students, researchers and experts in the field of conservational biology and molecular biology.