Excerpt from Gasoline Engines in Distribution-Box Boats and Mine-Yawls

There are two general types Of internal combustion engines, known as the four-cycle engine and the two-cycle engine.

In the four-cycle engine there are two valves, one Of which is the inlet valve, for admitting the mixture of air and gasoline to the cylinder, and the other is the exhaust valve, for allow ing the escape Of the burned gases from the cylinder to the exhaust pipe. The inlet valve may be operated by a cam shaft, or it may be Operated by suction, as in the Standard engine. The exhaust valve is always Operated by a cam shaft. The cam shaft, whether it Operates one or both Of the valves, must rotate at one-half crank-shaft speed. This re lation is Obtained by driving the cam shaft with pinions. The pinion keyed to the cam shaft has twice as many teeth as the pinion which is keyed to the crank shaft. It is also necessary to make the pinions mesh so that the position Of the cams bears a definite relation to the position Of the cranks.

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