Governing after War examines how civilians' and rebels' wartime relations affect post-war state-building, development, and violence. When rebels win the war, how do they govern afterwards? Drawing from multiple cases in Africa, Shelley Liu argues that wartime rebel-civilian ties are important to answer this question. Her findings offer implications for recent rebel victories and, more broadly, for understanding the termination, trajectories, and political legacies of such conflicts around the world.