This handbook brings together both background material and new methodological and applied results that are extremely important to the current and future frontiers in empirical economics and finance. Well-recognized experts emphasize inferential issues that transpire in the analysis of cross-sectional, time series, and panel data-based empirical models in economics, finance, and related disciplines. Containing previously unpublished material on econometrics, the book focuses on micro (cross-section), macro and financial (time series), and panel data models. It provides a balanced viewpoint of different philosophical positions and statistical tools.