Biotechnology refers to a field of applied science that creates products and processes from living organisms and their derivatives. It entails the understanding of the functioning of living organisms at the molecular level. It draws from several academic fields such as chemistry, biology, physics, and mathematics. Marine biotechnology is the use of bioinformatics, biotechnology, and molecular and cell biology to produce products and processes from marine organisms. It is concerned with ocean exploration for creating novel chemical products, enzymes, medicines, and other products and processes. It also contributes significantly to biomaterials, seafood and aquaculture safety, health care diagnostics, and bioremediation. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of marine biotechnology. It will also provide interesting topics for research, which interested readers can take up. This book is a vital tool for all researching or studying marine biotechnology as it gives incredible insights into the emerging trends and concepts.