This book includes contributions of scientists and researchers who have extensively researched about HIV/AIDS. It includes HIV/AIDS translational researches on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis and other related fields which offer a good foundation for development of clinical patient care. Translational model is one of the initial steps for progressing HIV/AIDS clinical research. Translational researches should directly benefit HIV/AIDS patients when linked to the care of patients. The book includes sections namely, Pathogenesis and Epidemiology, Pharmacology and host interaction, Opportunistic microbial infections, Laboratory diagnosis and Anti-retroviral therapy. It aims to assist interested individuals in the study of HIV/AIDS by providing informative and valuable data.