This is the twelfth in a series of annual volumes which provide authoritative reviews in the field of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. The chapters are written by established experts and the topics are carefully chosen to reflect the major concerns in the research literature and in current practice. Each chapter offers a comprehensive and critical survey of a chosen topic, and is supported by a valuable bibliography. Topics for future volumes in the series will be selected for their importance and relevance at that time, so that the series will be the main authoritative and current guide to important areas and developments in the field of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, for professional psychologists, managers and scholars. Contributors to Volume 12 John Arnold Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr Russell Cropanzano Gordon Foxall Jerald Greenberg Michael M. Harris Gary Johns Elchanan I. Meir John P. Meyer Phyllis Tharenou Michael L. Trusty Aharon Tziner Business