Upanishads are verses from the Vedas that have been compiled as independent and complete sets. Traditionally the verses in each Veda have been classified as Mantra portion or Brahmana portion. Within the Brahmana portion, a further sub-classification of verses has been done, namely Brahmana-Aranyaka-Upanishad. Upanishad means essential thought or guiding principle.


The Mandukya Upanishad is attributed to the Atharva Veda. It gives a mathematical picture of the sacred syllable OM and its relevance to the Awaking, Udreaming and Mmmsleeping states. The Turiya or Transcendental state is described as the amatra or the fourth state, i.e. always available yet rarely discernible.


This book explains the crux of the verses in easy to grasp contemporary language. Contains original verse in Sanskrit with a Latin transliteration and an English commentary. For the Sanskrit enthusiast each verse has Padachheda and Anvaya with Vibhakti cases. Uses clear well-spaced Devanagari font.