Rick Halpern is the Bissell-Heyd Chair of American Studies at the University of Toronto. He is author of Down on the Killing Floor: Black and White Workers in Chicago¿s Packinghouses and other works on race and labor.Alex Lichtenstein is Associate Professor of History at Indiana University, Bloomington. He is author of Twice the Work of Free Labor: The Political Economy of Convict Labor in the New South.