This book covers new experimental and theoretical studies that focus on the modem developments of nuclear fission, aiming at various applications in a wide range of fields and bringing together scientists working in different fields related to nuclear fission. The following topics are dealt with: radioactive beam facilities based on nuclear fission, nuclear waste transmutations and the future accelerator-driven system, fission and spallation nuclear data and modeling, experimental and theoretical advances in the study of nuclear fission, fusion reactions and decay modes of superheavy nuclei, stability against fission and many-body systems, superasymmetric and multicluster fission.