During the past decade we have witnessed a mushrooming of papers in the area of medical mycology, detailing major advances in areas such as genomics, molecular and cellular biology, molecular epidemiology, immune response and vaccine development, and strategies to combat infections in humans. This sheer volume of information makes it extremely difficult for the busy research scientist and/or teacher of medical mycology to keep abreast of all the latest advances. This book, together with its companion volume Pathogenic Fungi: Host Interactions and Emerging Strategies for Control, brings together expert international authors who critically review current topics, and through the provision of extensive reference sections positively encourage readers to pursue the subject in greater detail. The book is divided into two sections: Fungal Dimorphism and Pathogenicity and New Taxonomic Tools. The first section focuses on morphogenesis, the cell cycle, and the cell wall of human pathogens. T