Ethiopia has a long history of having indigenous knowledge for soil conservation practices, which have been widely used by the local farmers in different parts of the country. Among these practices, indigenous Agroforestry, Mulching, Minimum Tillage, Inter-Cropping, mixed cropping and crop rotation are the major ones for soil conservation in the study Wereda. The general objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between population dynamics and the practices of these major elements of indigenous knowledge for soil conservation in Wonago Wereda, Gedeo zone. The significance of the study findings is to contribute to current understanding of the nexus of population dynamics and indigenous practices of soil conservation. The intervention of the government bodies and non-government organizations is necessitates in order to minimize human population growth especially in rural areas of the Wereda. To reduce the dependency of the households on trees/ forests as a means of income, diversification of rural income sources is recommended.