The Indian sub-continent has long been involved in global capitalism. While some parts of India are like the Global North in terms of lifestyle and wealth, the majority is clearly part of the poor and exploited Global South. As the state and the market became key actors in the economy, GDP growth has emerged as the central policy goal. Presently, as a rapidly growing economy with widening inequality and huge environmental problems, India needs to rethink its social ecological transitions. Post-Growth Thinking in India discusses the relevance of prosperity without growth, or post-growth for India, at a time when grassroots alternatives confront and question the consequences of growth.