There is no field of human endeavour where there is no Microbiology. All applied Sciences touch applied Microbiology one way or the other way. The scope of this book extends to cover ten important topics of Recent interest such as Agricultural biotechnology for crop protection and improvement, Virus mediated Human Cancer and Therapy, Biofuels and Bioenergy, Perspectives of Bio magnification, Bio surfactants and their applications, Industrial Production of Semisynthetic Penicillin, Microbial Polymers, Microbial control of Fish Diseases, Microbial Life in Extreme Environment and Bacterial Batteries. I am confident that book would be of immense value to enrich knowledge in applied Microbiology in particular and Microbiology in general.