This volume reports investigations which form part of a major series of theoretical and experimental studies being carried out in the Laboratory of Low-Temperature Plasma Optics at the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow. The papers give the results of systematic investigations of the chemical composition and of the electrical and optical properties of discharge plasmas, and also of populations of laser levels. Reliable and detailed information is given on the dissociation of carbon dioxide gas in discharges, the nature of the velocity distribution function, average energies, and densities of electrons, and populations and vibrational temperatures of molecules in cw CO and CO lasers. The material in this volume is intended for specialists in quantum electronics and low­ temperature plasma diagnostics.