The goal of this book is to provide up to date information about silymarin chemistry, biochemistry and molecular mechanisms of protective actions of this phytochemical with a special emphasis to its vitagene- and transcription factor-modulating properties. Silymarin applications in human diseases, including hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, anti-diabetic, anti-arthritis and other protective activities are reviewed. Immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic protective activities of silymarin are characterised in detail. Practical applications of silymarin in poultry and animal industry with a special emphasis on its protective roles in gut health maintenance are also presented.