Recent evidences tend to demonstrate that tuberculosis prevalence and its death rates are globally decreasing after having reached a peak. In developing countries, like Ethiopia, tuberculosis continues to be a major health problem. According to the MOH hospitals' statistical data, in Ethiopia, tuberculosis is the leading cause of morbidity, the third cause of hospital admission (following deliveries and malaria), and the second cause of death next to malaria. So, what are the factors that facilitate the death of TB patients? This book, therefore, estimates the survival probabilities and identifies the major risk factors for the death of tuberculosis patients during treatment. The analytical methodologies used in this book are the Kaplan-Meier, Cox's regression and stratified Cox's regression model. The findings should especially be useful to health policy makers and clinicians, or to anyone else who may conduct further investigation on reducing the death of tuberculosis patients.