Sustainable agriculture can be defined as the successful management of agricultural resources to satisfy the changing human needs and at the same time maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environment and conserving natural resources. Research on the science of sustainable agriculture is conducted within the field of agroecology. Sustainable agriculture can be achieved by adopting farming practices such as mixed farming, crop rotation and integrated pest management (IPM). Crop rotation is a sustainable farming practice in which a variety of crops are planted sequentially on the same land that promotes the health of soil, controls the pests, and optimizes nutrients in the soil. Mixed farming is another sustainable agriculture practice in which crop production is integrated with the rearing of livestock. This book outlines the processes and applications of sustainable agriculture in detail. It will help new researchers and agricultural scientists by foregrounding their knowledge in this area of agriculture.