Benchmarks, a 360-degree assessment, has been used by approximately 16, 000 organizations and over 200, 000 managers. Data collected through its administration has resulted in large comprehensive databases that have provided the basis for numerous studies. These annotations on published research were written for anyone who is interested in the research leading to the development and refinement of Benchmarks, the interpretation of the assessment's results, or the relationship of Benchmarks to other psychological assessments.