This is a history of the United States Supreme Court between 1941 and 1953. Its principal objective is to explain the major issues facing the Court in mid-century to a general audience that includes lawyers but is aimed at a wider readership. These issues include Japanese-American internment during the war, the rights of African-Americans as the old order of Jim Crow disintegrated, the definition of religious freedom, the separation of church and state, and protection for speech freedom amidst national anxieties spawned by global war and Cold War rivalries.