The author attempts to demonstrate that the Italian Army deserves attention for its often humanitarian treatment of Italian Jews and other Jews. He also analyzes revisionist histories of Pope Pius XII and his alleged silence, arguing that revisionists were writing for a popular audience interested in sensation and scandal, and that this profitable trail attracted journalists and historians alike. Focusing primarily on the roles played by the Vatican and the Royal Italian Army, this book also provides an overview of the travail of Italys Jewish community from the beginning of Mussolinis antiSemitic policies in the late 1930s, through the end of the German occupation in May 1945.