Events that occurred and issues that arose before, during, and after the Second Vatican Council demonstrate how its implementation was largely usurped by a loose coalition of Church leaders influenced by a resurgent Modernist theology, condemned as "the synthesis of all heresies" by Pope St. Pius X at the beginning of the century. Thus, the Council's directives and teachings were never fully and truly actualized. As a result, the Church must now revisit the documents and implement them according to the minds of the Council Fathers, and in harmony with Tradition. In heavily citing the documents themselves, various misinterpretations and misunderstandings are corrected, while key areas of renewal and reform outlined by the Council are highlighted and targeted for an overdue implementation.