Forests, with their interlacing networks of trees and secret patterns of communication, are powerful entities for thinking-with. A majestic terrestrial community of arboreal others, their presence echoes, entangles, and resonates deeply with the human world. The essays collected here aim to highlight human encounters with the forest and its trees at the time of the European Middle Ages, when, whether symbol and metaphor, or actual, their lofty boughs were weighted with meaning.

The chapters interrogate the pre-Anthropocene environment, reflecting on trees as metaphors for kinship and knowledge, as they appear in literary, historical, art-historical, and philosophical contexts. They examine images of trees and trees in-themselves across a range of environmental, material, and intellectual contexts, and consider how humans used arboreal and rhizomatic forms to negotiate bodies of knowledge and processes of transition. Reaching beyond medieval Europe, they also include discussion of parallel developments in the Islamic world and that of the M¿ori, the indigenous people of New Zealand.