REDD is being trumpeted as a way to both mitigate climate change and assist countries with development. It is also supposed to protect biodiversity and the rights of indigenous peoples by securing land tenure. There have been few attempts to understand and analyse the overall framework of REDD schemes and whether or not the actual drivers of deforestation and forest degradation will be diminished on a global scale. This book argues that these important goals will not be met under the existing REDD regime unless the actual drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are diminished.